The initiate of oil field’s exploitation ¨Gustavo Galindo V.¨
Phases of the oil industry

The beginning of the oil field’s exploitation

The Peninsula de Santa Elena’s oil field are situated on the Ecuadorian republic’s southwest, at 130 Kilometers to the west Guayaquil city approximately.

In 1911, the first oil well was perforated in the Peninsula de Santa Elena, called Ancón 1, with positives results; since that year began the petroleum exploitation in the Ecuador.

The petroleum production in the Peninsula de Santa Elena Began in 1925 and come from of the Atlanta formations between 800 and 4.00 foots of profundities and Socorro between 300 and 1.200 foots of profundities.

Since the beginning of the oil field’s exploitation, in 1921, have been a lot of companies, which have keep concessions in the Peninsula de Santa Elena; however, only a 75% of the exploited areas and the production belong to the Company Anglo Ecuadorian Oilfields.

The Filed Ancón is the principal petroleum producer and it is divided in 15 areas: Perito, La Fuente, Certeza, Emporio, Santo Tomás, San Joaquin, La fe, Tablazo, Cacique, Central, Ancón, Seca, Hecotea y Concepción. The areas called Navarra y Austrias, at the field’s west, are gas’s producers.

Also exits the Petrópolis’ fields, San Raymundo, Sante Paula, Cautivo, Carmela y el Tambo.

In 1976n la Corporación Estatal Petrolera Ecuatoriana (CEPE) carried on the operation of the Peninsula’s fields, when the reversion was complete by the company Anglo Ecuadorian Oilfields; by this way the national government by first time have a tool that will let them to the practice to the national fondness of administration and to control by his own the hydrocarbon resource, for the country’s goodness.

Since 1971 to 1989, CEPE became in the national symbol, his work was directed to give to the country the necessary infrastructure for the new petroleum industry.

On September 26th of 1989, by the special law Number 45, born PETROECUADOR, like a juridical person, own patrimony and administrative autonomy, economic, financial and operative; with faculties to cover his manager costs, to give to the fiscal the 90% of his profits and to invest the 10% in the institutional growing, in the area of research especially.

Following the international model, have create as a ¨holding¨ conformed by a matrix and three filians: PETROPRODUCCIÓN, PETROINDUSTRIAL Y PETROCOMERCIAL, called as a group PETROECUADOR system.

PETROECUADOR have to manage the planning and coordination of his activities and his filians; to administrate, to inspect and to control the services presentation deals, of participation and the specific service, about the hydrocarbon exploitation and with international companies; also, the petroleum commercialization and his derived in the internal and external market.

In the Matrix are situated The Economy’s management and financial, Petroleum deals and the Ambient protection, meanly.

Phases of the oil industry

Phases of the oil industry are divided on:

Exploration. - To look for hydrocarbon's deposits using geologic and seismic methods.

Exploitation. - Is the petroleum extraction and subsoil gas, using the well perforation and the construction of the infrastructure for its transportation and storage.

Storage and transportation of crude and derived. - The system is constituted by: the oil ducts systems, tanks and poliducts; those are used for the transportation and storage of crude and derived, from the production place to the consumers.

Refination. - Is the phase where the refineries transform the crude into combustible, generating aggregated value and covering the internals needs of derives.

Commercializing. - Commercializing are the external sells process of petroleum to the international trade and the internal commercializing of combustibles.